Reflection On The Field Of Organizational Psychology

Reflection Before the start of this class I had little experience with research and little knowledge regarding the components of each research approach. Additionally, I had preconceived notions that qualitative research would be my approach of choice because I assumed it was an easier choice so to speak because it did not include numeric data. This course has definitely changed my mind on being open to the other approaches. I have learned that quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods approach all involve a lot of time and effort when it comes to planning, executing, and analyzing. Another thing I learned is that each approach is not interchangeable. Just because an individual is more comfortable with one approach over another, does not mean that approach is most suitable for the issue being researched. Even though I learned a lot from this Research Theory course, there are still opportunities for improvement in certain areas. The areas I would like to see improvement is: knowledge of theories in the field of organizational psychology, becoming more fluent in quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods approach, improvement in writing skills, planning and timing just to name a few. According to Banna, knowing theories by researchers who have paved the way in a specific field of study will be an important part of the research process(Laureate Education, Inc., 2009b). This is an area that will be beneficial to me moving forward in the research process because it givesShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Development And Organizational Development1604 Words   |  7 PagesOD practitioners. The OD article gives Discourse by different persp ectives based on two approaches diagnostic and dialogic organisational development. The Organisational Change article reflects the authors own research spanning 30 years in the field of organisational change. The change article is published in the Journal of Change Management. 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I applied for the Organizational Development Intern position during winter break of 2014. After the assessment and interview process, I was given the opportunity to expand my knowledge in the field. Psychological Associates is located in the heart of Clayton, Missouri where I immediately fell in love with the culture and atmosphere of the company. No matter the organizationRead MoreEthics in Psychology: A Reflection975 Words   |  4 PagesEthics in psychology: Reflection Introduction The study of psychology frequently deals with intimate, personal issues of clients and research subjects, which is why strict guidelines exist regarding the ethical use of private data. Early on in a psychology students career, he or she is urged to abide by specific guidelines governing his or her behavior to ensure that he or she acts in an ethical manner. A student that has a lax attitude about cutting and pasting words from the web will later haveRead MoreLewin’s Three-Stage Model of Planned Change1134 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizations respond to these tensions by engaging in processes of strategic renewal through the implementation of â€Å"planned change† (Spector, 2010). Planned change, according to Cummings and Worley (2009), fundamentally concerns the process of changing organizational behaviors. More specifically, new behaviors must replace old ones or be adapted to or integrated with existing behaviors to enable successful change (Palmer, Dunford, Akin, 20 09; Schein, 1993, 2004). This paper outlines the three stages of Lewin’sRead MoreGraduation Speech On Academic Integrity859 Words   |  4 PagesCourse Reflections The graduate seminar course is a required course for all graduate students to take before they start their graduate program here at Baker College. There are many of different things this course helps students out with from getting them familiar with the online classroom too teaching the students the fundamentals of APA formatting. This course consists of three seminars all each lasting a week that goes over many important details that each graduate student are required to knowRead MoreWho Is A Leader?892 Words   |  4 Pagesfoster growth in self, others, and the field in which the leader is involved. The role of a leader can be extremely complex. Leaders must play many roles simultaneously to hold everyone accountable for their duties, responsibilities, and ensure the success of the program. Reflective inquiry like will cause a leader to grow in their craft. What am I doing that is effective? What am I doing that is ineffective? How can I improve my productivity? â€Å"Reflection can be integrated into the active processRead MoreImplementation Of Implementing Change And Developing Worldwide Rivalry1452 Words   |  6 Pagesfind major changes in short and long run success. Research suggests that failed organizational change initiatives range from one third to as high as 80% of attempted change efforts. (Fisher, 1994; Beer and Nohria, 2000; Higgs and Rowland, 2000). Many researchers effort failed the learning space and supervise the manager in the field of change management. Then came John kotter, who focused on the change management field, specifically his first article was p ublished in 1995 in Harvard Business ReviewRead Moreperformance apprisal research paper1283 Words   |  6 Pageschoosing alternative problem and by open discussion and fair treatment. Hence the researcher suggested that the police commission should applying fair and consistence of appraisal and motivational mechanisms could influence employees’ performance, organizational commitment and who are not satisfied with performance appraisal. 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Back ground of the study The Dire Dawa police commission recognizes its duties and responsibilities to all the administration public who are customersRead MoreWhat Makes Authentic Leadership?1203 Words   |  5 Pagesthe definitions is the notion that authentic individuals align their actions and behaviors with their core values and beliefs. Those who study the field have developed a continuum in which individuals can be thought of as either authentic or inauthentic. A Comparison Review Authentic leadership theory is rooted in the work of positive psychology and focuses on the leader’s strengths, as opposed to short comings (Livingston Lusin, 2009). The authentic leaders’ strong display of their â€Å"psychological

Inflation and Indonesia - 3630 Words

PESTEL analysis of Indonesia | October 3 2009 | SUBMITTED TO: MR. SUNDERASAN SUBMITTED BY: Hitesh GoyalNirupan ChakravarthiSainath.V MBA 12 and PGPRM-9 | | Introduction: Indonesia is one of the largest countries in South-east Asia, between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean which contain mainly mountainous and covered with rain forests, swamps and consists over 13000 islands. Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia. Indonesia declared its independence on 17th August 1945 from Japan but Netherlands agreed to transfer sovereignty in 1949. Susilo Bambang is the President and Muhammad Yusuf Kalla is the Vice-President of Indonesia. Bahasa is the official language in Indonesia which modified form of Malay but the most widely spoken†¦show more content†¦They have hub of natural resources such as in Oil production, it has 23rd rank, in natural gas production and in export it is on 8th position. GDP: Indonesia has made significant economic advances through last years. Indonesias debt-to-GDP ratio in recent years has declined because of increasingly robust GDP growth which was 6.1% ($915.9 billion) in 2008 compare to 5.5% ($811.1 billion) in 2006 and compression to the world they are on 54th position in GDP growth. 14.4% of GDP earning from agriculture, 37.5% from service sector and the major part 48.1% comes from industry. (The World Bank, 2009) Per capita income: If we talk about per capita income, it was $3,500 in 2006 which was increase up to $3900 in 2008 and comparison to the world it is on the 157th rank in per capita income. A. Average Family Income – 33 (Gina index) B. Distribution of Wealth 1. Income Class Bottom 10% of population represents 4% of wealth Top 10% of population represents 27% of wealth Exchange rate: Indonesian rupiah (IDR) per US dollar - 9,698.9 (2008) compare to 9,159.3 (2006) Indonesian rupiah (IDR) per Indian rupee- 205.97 FDI: FDI is one of the most important factors for every country. It plays a vital role in Indonesia growth rate. It is a developing country so they have good inflow of FDI. It was $67.3 billion in 2008 compare to $58.96 billion in 2007 and they are on 45th position in FDI stock. Inflation rates: Inflation rate is still highShow MoreRelatedInflation and Indonesia3624 Words   |  15 PagesPESTEL analysis of Indonesia | October 3 2009 | SUBMITTED TO: MR. SUNDERASAN SUBMITTED BY: Hitesh GoyalNirupan ChakravarthiSainath.V MBA 12 and PGPRM-9 | | Introduction: Indonesia is one of the largest countries in South-east Asia, between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean which contain mainly mountainous and covered with rain forests, swamps and consists over 13000 islands. Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia. Indonesia declared its independence on 17th August 1945 from Japan but NetherlandsRead MoreImpact of Budget Deficit Policy1328 Words   |  6 Pagesbudget deficit, a policy which the state revenues are less than the state expenditure. 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Disney Case Study free essay sample

In July 1923, Walt Disney and his brother Roy started their film business but they got their first real break in 1928. Walt produced Steamboat Willie, the first cartoon with sound and also introduced a new star Mickey Mouse. In the decades it followed, Walt became an extraordinary filmmaker, a motion picture innovator and pioneer. The name â€Å"Walt Disney† became universally known as the symbol of the finest family entertainment. The business activities of the company are in four segments: (1) theme parks, (2) films, (3) consumer products and (4) real estate development. The theme parks segment caused Disney not to grow. Disney’s attendance growth had been low or zero over the preceding decade, though as recently as 1978 the entertainment and recreation segment had shown a pretax return on assets of 15. 7 percent. With 25 major theme parks in competition for an aging population, demand thoroughly saturated and park attendance grew no more than 5% per year, which was one third the rate of 1970s. We will write a custom essay sample on Disney Case Study or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Walt Disney Companys objective is to be one of the worlds leading producers and providers of entertainment and information, using its portfolio of brands to differentiate its content, services and consumer products. The companys primary financial goals are to maximize earnings and cash flow, and to allocate capital profitability toward growth initiatives that will drive long-term shareholder value. The Walt Disney Company is the world’s largest media and entertainment conglomerate with assets encompassing media networks, theme parks and resorts, consumer products and real estate development. The Walt Disney Company’s film library is consisted of 25 full length animated features in color, 123 full lengths live action features, 8 true life adventure films and over 500 short films. The film Snow White was proved to be an enduring source of cash. Annual revenue for Snow White is as under (in millions). Year| Revenue| 1937| $10. 00| 1944| 4. 0| 1952| 5. 0| 1958| 6. 5| 1965| 13. 0| 1967| 23. 0| 1983| 28. 5| Theme parks and resorts include the operations of the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida, Disneyland Park, the Disneyland Hotel and the Disneyland Pacific Hotel in California. Consumer products segment includes its animated characters, literary properties, songs and music to manufacturers, publishers and retailers. In 1978, this segment gave a pretax return on assets of 179 percent. Real estate includes Arvida Corporation, acquired on June 6, 1984. Arvida controlled the development of 17,334 acres of land in Florida, Georgia and California. In 1983, Ron Miller became the CEO. After just a month, Miller gave up his post to Ray Watson (a close friend and his right hand man in the company). These constant changes in leadership led to a steep fall in the companys share price. The share price fell sharply from $84 in 1983 to $45 in 1984. The lowered share price and the lack of stability in the top management resulted in a number of corporate houses attempting to take over Disney in the early-1980s. Saul Steinberg started making serious bids to acquire Disney stock. By April 1984 he had acquired 6. 3% of the stock and announced his intention to acquire 25 percent of the company before long. Recognizing the threat, Disney management started making defensive moves. It announced its decision to buy back shares at a premium. Roy and Gold played a very important role at this stage and helped muster shareholder support to prevent Disney from being taken over. They enlisted the support of the Bass family, who were the largest shareholders in Disney, to regain a majority. Steinberg finally agreed to re-sell his stock to the company at a premium of $32 million and an additional $28 million for his expenses. All this added to the huge debt of the company. By the mid-1980s, what was needed was a change in leadership to bring about a turnaround. Corporate level strategy: Disney’s corporate level strategy is based on a horizontal, decentralized and informal management approach. Ideas are born from within the departments and are worked up throughout the relatively low hierarchy, where the final decision is made. Another interesting approach is the emphasis on expansion of the business. Again the corporate policy is to grow slowly and not to impress anyone. Recent trend towards rapid increase in costs in the movie industry have a direct effect on the profitability of the company. By cutting on costs involved in making and marketing Disney films, less expensive and more profitable movies can be produced. In addition, the corporate strategy is clearly focusing on diversifying its product and service mix has created an umbrella effect. Thus risk has been minimized. If one product line fails, other product line will cover up for its losses. The leverage ratio of total debt to total assets is 0. 80 in 1977-1980 and after that it decreased to 0. 59 in 1983. A total debt to total assets ratio higher than 50% is usually considered to be safe in stable industries. For Disney case, it is too high, so because of financial risk the ratio should be lowered to 50% or below. Business level strategy: Entertainment and recreation segment generates most the income for Disney. Entertainment and Motion Pictures would be the best product mix for Disney. (Refer the table below for 1983 data) Segment| Revenue| Entertainment and recreation| $1,031,202| Theme park| $32,692| Motion Pictures| $165,458| Consumer products and others| $110,697| Disney should sell more to existing customers, expand market place, should give promotions and always track the business. Greenmail is one of an array of strategies, ranging from changing corporate bylaws to acquiring debt that makes the corporation a less attractive target, used to deter raiders. It is an expensive alternative, as was illustrated when investor Saul Steinberg attempted to take over the Disney Corporation in 1984. Steinberg was known for his concerted efforts in the takeover field, having previously targeted Chemical Bank and Quaker State. In March 1984, his purchase of 6. 3 percent of Disneys stock triggered concern at the corporation that a takeover was in progress. Disney management quickly announced an approximately $390 million acquisition of its own that would make the company less attractive. After this maneuver failed, Disneys directors ultimately bought Steinbergs stock to stop the takeover. Steinberg earned a profit of about $60 million. Strengths: â€Å"I knew if this business was ever to get anywhere, if this business was ever to grow, it could never do it by having to answer to someone unsympathetic to its possibilities, by having to answer to someone with only one thought or interest, namely profits. For my idea of how to make profits has differed greatly from those who generally control businesses such as ours. I have blind faith in the policy that quality, tempered with good judgment and showmanship, will win against all odds. †Ã¢â‚¬â€Walt Disney When the Walt Disney Company initially began, it was under the control of Walt himself. Throughout his reign, he developed a culture to create experiences and â€Å"magical moments† for all his â€Å"guests† this philosophy from the beginning has created a long-lasting brand name known for producing a quality product or experience. This Disney culture has succeeded through tight control over how the brand and image is perceived. Disney has become one of the most recognized and renowned brand names throughout all industries. In addition to its well-known brand name, Disney has developed famous characters to add to its image (ex. Mickey, Minnie, Goofy, Donald, Pluto, etc. ). These characters have aided in Walt Disney’s ability to capitalize and have a definitive grasp upon their target consumers of children. However, Disney’s largest asset is their ability to stay diversified. Disney is a well-established conglomerate firm with a solid domination within the theme park and entertainment industry. Disney already operates through four different business segments which include media networks, parks and resorts, studio entertainment, and consumer products. Disney’s monumental deal with Apple creating a partnership between Disney and iTunes should provide an excellent resource to further push the brand and provide a reputable channel to push product distribution. Overall, Disney’s desire to strive for excellence, ability to adapt to change, and continuing to keep the consumers as the driving force behind the enterprise make Disney an empire within the media industry. Weaknesses: Being a conglomerate of this capacity, the Walt Disney Company holds exceptionally high sunk costs which could hinder Disney’s future financial abilities. In addition to sunk costs, there is the continual cost of updating all the parks, resorts, hotels, cruise ships, etc. Disney’s brand of â€Å"quality† must be maintained nonetheless it continues to escalate the costs. Although merchandise aimed at the children segment is a huge market, such a public image can have a â€Å"kiddie-stigma† attached to the Disney brand name which could deter the young adult segment. Opportunities: Disney has many opportunities to continue the firm’s growth within the industry. Currently the markets are much more versatile to outsourcing and globalization. The Walt Disney Company is working towards this global localization through expansion into Europe and Asia. Approximately twenty-five percent of Disney’s operating income comes from outside the United States and Canada, making continued growth internationally a major competitive advantage. Disney has invested tremendously in their Research and Development department, which projects progressive new attractions to pull in consumers. Disney’s ability to re-invent 5 and create limited edition products allows multiple opportunities for sales with new or improved merchandise. Threats: Disney has multiple threats that could negatively impact its profitability in the future. Disney’s major threat comes from its competitors on national, regional, and global platforms. The high competition and growth of other industry giants pose multiple problems to Disney’s ability to sustain as a leader within the industry. With the recent acquisition threat by Steinberg, Disney’s hasty acquisitions could post low or unprofitable sales, resulting in not only a loss, but a negative impact for the conglomerate’s brand name. Another threat is Disney’s high pressure and demand in terms of sales, creativity, and innovation while maintaining its quality status. Finally, due to the recent economic state, employee retention can pose a threat if employees are let go and work for competitors within the industry. SWOT (External Environment): Strength: * Strong financial background: First, Disney store has a very strong financial back up by Disney. It is very important for Disney Store to have market development and store improvement. * Exclusive for Disney’s products: Second, Disney Store is an exclusive agency for selling Disney’s products: Toys, clothing, stationary and gift items etc. It provides many choices for the customers and satisfies their needs. Customers might think of Disney Store immediately when they want to buy Disney’s items. *   Well-known brand: â€Å"Disney† is a well-known brand all over the world. The image of Disney is very healthy and positive. It is welcomed easily accepted by its target segments. Weaknesses: * Unchanged visual merchandising: One of the weaknesses is that the visual merchandising is not changed regularly; the window display is the same for many years. In this way, customers will feel boring because no stimulation and attraction for them. Stores are lack of theme decoration: Monotonous decoration in every Disney store fails to attract customers. Because there is no excitement, customers tend to stay in the store for short time. * Passive staff’s attitude: Staff are seldom greet and farewell customers. Although they answer enquires from customers, few of them introduce products and new information to customers proactively. Therefore, they fail to identify customers’ needs. Opportunities * Solo Tour: The practice of Solo Tour has brought a significant economic benefit to retail industry in Hong Kong. more provinces will be listed on Solo Tour. It is estimated to generate 43 million of traffic flows and every visitor would spend around HK 5,600 in Hong Kong. The benefit to Disney store is that more visitors will familiar with the Disney products and generate sales. Increasing awareness of Mainland people towards Disney stores in Hong Kong may be the opportunity for Disney to further develop the China Market. Threats * Competition with the Disney Store in the theme park: After the establishment of theme park, the competitive force of Disney store might not as large as the stores in the park. Customers might prefer to buy souvenirs in the park rather than the outlets. * Decreasing birth rate: The trends of late marriage and family planning result in shrinking the market size of Disney store, and gradually lower the demand for Disney products. Free Cash Flow (For 1983) = Operating cash flow – capital expenditure = $337,356 $291,202 = $46,154 Recommendations: Shareholder’s rights plan is one of the takeover defensive strategy which activates at the moment a potential acquirer announces its intentions. Under this plan, Disney could have purchased additional company stocks at an attractively discounted price, making it far more difficult for Steinberg to take control. A staggered board of directors, in which groups of directors are elected at different times for multiyear teams, could have challenged the raider. Increasing debt as a defensive strategy has been deployed in the past. By increasing debt significantly, companies hope to deter raiders concerned about repayment after the acquisition. However, adding a large debt obligation to a companys  balance sheet  can significantly erode  stock  prices. Perhaps a better strategy for target shareholders is for the company to make an acquisition, preferably through stock swaps or a combination of stock and debt. This has the effect of diluting the raiders ownership percentage and makes the takeover significantly more expensive. Ironically, a takeover defense that has been successful in the past, is to turn the tables on the acquirer and mount a bid to take over the raider. This requires resources and shareholder support, and it removes the possibility of activating the other defensive strategies. This strategy, called the  Pac-Man defense, after Bendix Corporations attempted to acquire Martin Marietta in 1982, very rarely benefits the shareholders. Martin Marietta defended itself by purchasing Bendix stock and sought a white knight in Allied Corporation. Extra Credit Question (Give Extra credit to lowest scored exam) What was the enabling factor of acquisition? Disney was an attractive target for Steinberg for a takeover because it was really worth more in pieces than as a whole operation and it appeared to be Steinberg’s intention to reap his profit by breaking up this operation and sell off the pieces. Actually it is more complex. Moreover, in 1983, Ron Miller became the CEO. After just a month, Miller gave up his post to Ray Watson (a close friend and his right hand man in the company). These constant changes in leadership led to a steep fall in the companys share price. The share price fell sharply from $84 in 1983 to $45 in 1984. The lowered share price and the lack of stability in the top management resulted in a number of corporate houses attempting to take over Disney in the early-1980s.

Concert Report - TCU Jazz Combos free essay sample

During the concert they played various Jazz compositions written by some of the very performers themselves. Several other pieces were more well known jazz compositions from internationally recognized artists. The concert itself was not very crowded, with pockets of individuals scattered throughout the audience. There was definitely interaction between the performers and the audience. I found this aspect of the Jazz concert to be unique to other concerts. Jazz concerts are significantly less formal than classical orchestra concerts r even Plano concerts In which applause Is saved for the very end.In Jazz concerts, after a solo It Is considered appropriate to applaud, even during the middle of a piece. Having never attended a jazz concert before, I found this to be a wonderful learning experience. The first set of pieces that were performed were called Reciprocity, composed by Garrett Winnfield, and Sound of Silence, composed by Paul Simon. Not knowing what to expect, I found Reciprocity to be a very exciting and Jazzy piece. We will write a custom essay sample on Concert Report TCU Jazz Combos or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Reciprocity featured solos from the saxophone (Garrett Winnfield), the trumpet Luke Winnfield), and the drums (Russell Wharton).Sound of Silence, which followed, was more dramatic than Reciprocity, featuring various stops and starts and use of crescendo. The piece was well organized, and its composition reflected its title quite well. This piece featured solos from the trombone (Tanner Webb), and the saxophone (Garrett Winnfield). I enjoyed listening to both of these pieces. I found Sound of Silence to be better organized than Reciprocity. However, I also thoroughly enjoyed listening to the solos that echoed each previous Instrumental solo In Reciprocity. Overall, these pieces were effective showcases of the performers talents and abilities.The second set of pieces that were performed were called The Birds Nest in the Foxs Den, composed by Alex Neal, and Something to Look At, also composed by Alex Neal. The first piece featured quarter note rests throughout, allowing the piece to surprise the audience with stops and starts throughout. The Birds Nest in the Foxs Den was very effective in building suspense during certain areas of the composition. This piece featured solos from the saxophone (Garrett Winnfield), the attar (Alex Neal), and the drums (Russell Wharton). Something to Look At had a much different feel than The Birds Nest in the Foxs Den. While The Birds Nest in the Foxs Den was upbeat with a quicker tempo, Something to Look At was a slower piece that consistently changed dynamics. Something to Look At was probably my favorite piece from the performance. While I usually prefer faster paced pieces, I found Something to Look At to be a very enjoyable composition to listen to. I did not find The quite well, but I found the piece to be too Jumpy in certain areas.Additionally, I felt that the piece lacked a certain level of theme, and I struggled to find a connection between the title and the music for much of the piece. The third set of pieces that were performed were called Dolphin Dance, composed by Herb Hancock, You Are Too Beautiful, composed by Richard Rogers/Lorenz Hart, and Spain, composed by Chick Corer. I recognized the piece Dolphin Dance from a movie, and I enjoyed listening to it very much. I thought the performers did an outstanding job on this piece specifically because of the pace and because of the level of ordination between the group that the piece required.Dolphin Dance featured solos from the trumpet (Luke Winnfield) and the saxophone (Garrett Winnfield). The second piece, You Are Too Beautiful, was a slower piece with perhaps an andante tempo. I found this piece to be alright. They played it well, but it was not one of my favorites from the concert. You Are Too Beautiful featured a solo from the guitar (Alex Neal) and ended with a solo from the saxophone (Garrett Winnfield). The last piece, Spain, was very catchy. It had a faster pace with perhaps an allegro tempo and treated a Spanish style of sound.Each member performed a solo during this piece. I enjoyed listening to this piece, and I thought that this was probably one of their favorite pieces to perform because of how well they performed the piece. Overall I found this concert to be much more enjoyable than I anticipated. I have never been much of a performance concert fan, and I am glad that I had the chance to watch a very talented group of individuals perform a very interesting style of music. I will definitely be seeking out Jazz concert opportunities in the future.